China’s and India’s mirror development cases: Zooming into India’s way forward to address its job crisis
Despite strong GDP growth and a favourable demographic profile, India faces an impending jobs crisis. A large share of the workforce remains stuck in low-productivity agriculture, while many new entrants are absorbed into a persistently large informal sector. By contrast, China’s rapid ascent was driven by manufacturing-led, export-oriented industrialisation, underpinned by large inflows of foreign direct investment and sustained technology transfer. India’s manufacturing base, however, remains modest, and the bulk of well-paid formal employment continues to be generated by high-skill services...