Towards high volatility
We expect high volatility in: Inflation; Real interest rates; Share prices. At the outset of this high volatility, there is: Volatility in energy prices, due to the nature of the energy transition, and therefore volatility of inflation; Therefore volatility in real interest rates, due to the rigidity of nominal interest rates, which triggers (low-frequency) volatility in stock market indices; The fact that stock market indices are high relative to the usual valuation of equities, which is due to low real interest rates, and triggers a strong fear reaction from investors whenever there is negative news; A rapid recovery in share prices if they fall, due to the very high cost of being invested in cash or bonds, leading to higher-frequency volatility in share indices.