Are we sure that Spain, Portugal and Greece will now have solid economies?

After an austerity cure in the early 2010s, Spain, Portugal and Greece returned to apparent economic health (growth, low fiscal deficits, etc.) in 2014 (Spain), 2016 (Portugal) and 2018 (Greece ). But these countries have cut spending on healthcare (all three countries), education (especially in Portugal), R&D (Portugal, Spain) and investment (all three countries). Is it possible for them to return to a strong economy by cutting back on this spending on the future? In these three countries, we look at: The performance of the education system; Productivity gains; The nature of productive specialisation. We conclude that these countries have suffered from the decline in public spending on education, R&D, healthcare and investment, as we have seen since 2010: A decline in the efficiency of the education system; Specialisation in unsophisticated business sectors (agricultural and food industries, services, tourism); Stagnant or declining productivity.