Euro exchange rate: A contest between the euro zone’s external surplus and capital outflows
For the euro to depreciate, “spontaneous” capital outflows from the euro zone (direct investment, equity and bond capital flows) must outweigh the euro zone’s external surplus. When we look at trends in these series, we see that structural capital outflows (direct investment, portfolio investment) from the euro zone outweigh the euro zone’s external surplus. This is due in particular to significant purchases of foreign shares, companies and bonds by Europeans. For the euro to pick up, it would take: Expectations of catch-up in the European equity market; A reduction in the yield spread between the dollar and the euro; The prospect of stronger growth in the euro zone.