How has wage earners' bargaining power changed?

We will look at the situations of the United States, the euro zone and France. We study changes in wage earners' bargaining power based on an analysis of wage formation. When wage earners’ bargaining power declines, we would expect: Lower indexation of wages to prices (wage earners can no longer obtain protection against inflation); Reduced distribution of productivity gains to wage earners (income distribution is skewed against wage earners); A smaller effect of unemployment on pay rises (wage earners are no longer able to take advantage of periods of low unemployment). Comparing wage formation in the periods 19 8 0-1999 and 2000-2021, we see that the decline in wage earners’ bargaining power has taken the form of a sharp decline in the indexation of wages to prices, not other possible forms (decline in the sensitivity of wages to productivity or the unemployment rate).