In which countries are social inequalities not increased by the education system?
We base our analysis on the 2022 PISA survey, in which we use data on differences in mathematical attainment linked to students' socio-economic situation (which, in the PISA survey, results from parents' level of education, their occupation and whether or not they own their own home). We analyse the effect of students' socio-economic level on their PISA mathematics score, and ask the following question: in which countries does the school system reduce or exacerbate inequalities? The education system reduces inequalities in Japan, Canada, the United Kingdom , Ireland, Finland and Norway ; it increases inequalities in Czechia, France, Slovakia, Romania and Bulgaria.