The main problem after COVID: A rapid change in the structure of demand for goods and services, housing, etc.

The macroeconomic policies conducted during the COVID crisis stopped incomes from falling and stimulated demand for goods and services and for housing. But the main question is not at the aggregate macroeconomic level, but at the sectoral level. It is likely that the structure of demand for goods and services and for housing will change rapidly, given working from home, online consumption and equipment needs for the energy transition. If the structure of demand does change permanently and the structure of supply is inert, there will be rationing and price increases even though, at the aggregate level, there is no visible problem. The economic policy objective must then be to enable the structure of supply to adjust as quickly as possible: worker retraining, investment aid in sectors with supply shortages.