There is cause for concern about those OECD countries where the long-term interest rate may rise above nominal potential growth: The case of Spain and Italy
As long as the interest rate remain s lower than growth, debt ratios decrease spontaneously and the solvency of borrowers (public or private) improves. But if the long-term interest rate becomes higher than the growth rate ( prospectively , i.e. not current growth but potential growth), then borrower solvency worsens. Among the major OECD countries, the long-term interest rate could conceivably becom e higher than nominal potential growth in the future in Spain and Italy. This highlights the euro zone’s specific nature. In other countries, the central bank can prevent long-term interest rates from rising ; i n the euro zone, it cannot do this for each euro-zone country individually.