Who will bear the cost of the energy transition?

The energy transition will give rise to a negative income shock, due to: The destruction of capital and jobs (in the production and use of fossil fuels); The rise in energy prices (which only benefits producers of renewable energy and equipment for renewable energy production); The question is therefore : who will bear this loss of income? Companies have shown their ability to quickly restore their earnings, even in the face of severe shocks; Skilled workers spend a small proportion of their income on energy and are protected from unemployment by their skills; Unskilled workers could therefore bear the brunt of the shock caused by the energy transition, unless a significant re-skilling and retraining effort is put in place and redistributive policies are implemented that correct the effect of the increase in energy prices on these workers.