ESG - Russian Company Handbook
The adoption of ESG principles has already significantly altered the investment landscape and is showing no signs of slowing down. For Russia, the rise of ESG globally has been the main catalyst for its development domestically. We expect that over the near term Russian companies will continue to expand their efforts in the ESG sphere in order to improve their attractiveness to investors and widen the investor base. In this report, we provide an overview of forthcoming changes in legislation pertaining to greenhouse gas emissions, examine the question of ESG financing in the fixed income market and provide ESG profiles for Russia's leading companies, focusing on several factors that will be important for Russian companies in the coming years.> Targets for reducing emissions of greenhouse gases by 2030 have been set. Last November, President Putin signed a decree stipulating that greenhouse gases be reduced by up to 70% from the 1990 level taking into account the maximum possible absorption level of forests and other ecosystems. Russia adopted this policy as part of the framework of the Paris Agreement. Moreover, the government was tasked with developing socioeconomic policy in such a fashion as to ensure low emission levels by 2050. > Current emissions are below the required level. As of 2018 (the most recent data), Russia's annual emissions amounted to 1.63 bln tonnes of CO2 equivalent, which is 52% of the 1990 level. Although Russia is currently in full compliance with its emission reduction obligations under the Paris Agreement, the margin is thin. In fact, any material economic growth between now and 2030 threatens to push emissions beyond the levels spelled out under the agreement. The risk of this would be particularly high if policy changes are introduced that end up reducing the absorption capacity of the country's forests. As a result, in order to stay in compliance with the agreement additional efforts will be needed to decrease emissions per unit of GDP. > Russia's development strategy through 2050 should be approved this year. Last year, the Ministry of Economic Development prepared a draft of a strategy that examined several possible scenarios. If no government support measures are introduced, the ministry estimates that by 2030 emissions will rise to 2.38 bln tonnes of CO2 equivalent, which would be 76% of the 1990 level. In its base-case scenario - entailing increased energy efficiency thanks to new support measures - emissions would rise to 2.08 bln tonnes of CO2 equivalent, or 67% of the 1990 level. In the scenario in which additional government measures are provided, emissions would be reduced to 2.0 bln tonnes, or 64% of the 1990 level. We expect the strategy to be finalized and approved this year. > Experiment with trading quotas in Sakhalin. Corresponding legislation is expected to be submitted to the Duma already this coming July, while the necessary regulations are expected to be developed by February 2022. An inventory of all emissions in the region (by August 2021) will be created, as will an information portal that will list participants, projects and emissions. The first quota trading could take place by the middle of next year. If the experiment is successful it may be extended to other regions. > The infrastructure for sustainability-themed financing has developed markedly over the past two years. The local market is now seeing green and social bond placements, although volumes are still very modest and the number of companies issuing such paper is still fairly limited. In the near future, we expect to see new types of ESG bonds in the local market: sustainable bonds and bonds tied to sustainability KPIs. Such instruments could widen the range of companies and sectors that will be able to enter the ESG market. > So far, local investors have shown only moderate interest in ESG financing. However, Russia's largest commercial banks are an exception (they have been implementing ESG approaches). An expansion of government support measures for ESG financing for both borrowers and investors could be a new catalyst for this market. We do not rule out that the Russian sovereign will come to the market with ESG-themed issuance. Such a step would be an important milestone for green financing in Russia and would provide an image boost in the international investment community.> Dovetailing with Russia's exigencies. In many respects the ESG value code aligns well with the crucial tasks facing Russia's economy - the need for longer time horizons in economic policy-making and investing, as well as greater emphasis on environmental standards and social issues. For Russia's financial realm, this is an important element related to the development of deeper and less speculative markets, more emphasis being placed on education and support for the fledgling class of retail investors. It will also help foster transparency and higher governance standards in the corporate world.> Company profiles - focus on materiality. There are many different ESG factors to consider, and the relative importance of each varies significantly from sector to sector. In this report, we have chosen the factors that we think are most important for each sector. For metals and mining, oil and gas, and utilities, we believe greenhouse gas emissions and safety are most important. For other sectors, emissions are less relevant due to the lower share of direct emissions (with most from electricity and heat, meaning they fall under the Scope 2 category), while social factors, such as employee satisfaction and data privacy and protection, play a more important role. On governance issues, we generally focus on the quantifiable, particularly the composition of the board.
Bank St. Petersburg OJSC is involved in commercial banking operations within the Russian Federation. Co. is organized into three main segments: Corporate banking, which includes settlement and current accounts, deposits, credit lines and loans; operations on financial markets, which includes financial instruments trading, loans and deposits on the interbank market, dealing in foreign exchange and derivative financial instruments; and retail banking, which provides private customer current accounts, deposits, retail investment products, custody, credit and debit cards, consumer loans, mortgages and other loans to individuals.
Detskiy Mir PAO is a Russia-based company, which is primarily engaged in the children products retail sector. The Company offers a wide range of products, such as toys, clothing and footwear, baby goods, stationery, school and learning related products, creative kits, sport related products, food, car seats, furniture, among others. The Company's structure includes the chain of stores Detskiy Mir and the retail network ELC (Early Learning Center). The Company's Detskiy Mir chain comprises over 480 stores located on the territory of the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan, as well as more than 40 ECL stores. Detskiy Mir PAO is primarily active domestically and in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries. In addition, the Company sells products online via its Website. The Company's major shareholder is AFK Sistema PAO.
PJSC Enel Russia is a wholesale generation company in Russia. Co.'s main areas of operation are production of power and heat, supply (sale) of power and heat, receipt (purchase) of power and heat from the wholesale power (capacity) market. Co. is active in four production branches around Russia: in the Ural region - Reftinskaya GRES, Sredneuralskaya GRES, in the northern Caucasus - Nevinnomysskaya GRES, and in Central Russia - Konakovskaya GRES. Co.'s aggregate installed capacity is 9,677 MW for power and 2,382 GCal/h for heat. Co. provides power and heat to both industrial enterprises and household consumers via local power distribution networks.
Etalon Group is a real estate development and construction company. Co.'s principal activity is residential development in Saint-Petersburg metropolitan area and Moscow metropolitan area, the Russian Federation. Co. has three reportable segments: Residential Development, which includes construction of residential real estate including flats, built-in premises and parking places; Constructions Services, which includes construction services for third parties and for internal purpose; and Other Operations, which include selling of construction materials, construction of stand-alone premises for commercial use and various services related to sale and servicing of premises.
Evraz engages in the production and distribution of steel and related products and coal and iron ore mining. Co. also produces vanadium products. Co. has four segments: Steel, which includes production of steel and related products at all mills except for those in North America, and includes the extraction of vanadium ore and production of vanadium products, iron ore mining and enrichment and certain energy-generating companies; Steel, North America, which includes production of steel and related products in the U.S. and Canada; Coal, which includes coal mining and enrichment; and Other operations, which includes energy-generating companies, shipping and railway transportation companies.
PJSC RusHydro is a hydro-generating company based in Russia. Co. is engaged in the generation and sale of electricity and capacity on the Russian wholesale and retail markets, as well as generation and sale of heat energy. The main activity of Co. is production of power from renewable energy sources, developing power generation using water flows, tidal, wind and geothermal energy. It has an installed electricity generation capacity of 38.5 GW; and heat capacity of 16.2 GCal/h.
PJSC Gazprom is a gas company based in Russia. Co.'s principal activity is the sale of gas. Co. is also involved in other types of activities which include leasing of assets, gas transportation and storage services, sale of gas condensate and refined products. Co. and its subsidiaries and associates operates gas pipelines systems in Russia. Co. is responsible for substantially all gas production and high pressure gas transportation in the Russian Federation. Co. is also a major exporter of gas to European countries. Co. is directly involved in exploration and drilling for hydrocarbons, production of gas and other hydrocarbons and domestic and export sale of gas and other hydrocarbons.
Globaltrans Investment is a rail transportation company in the Russian Federation. Co. is engaged in providing a wide range of railroad freight transport and logistics services. Co. provides rail freight transport and logistics services, as well as certain ancillary services to industrial customers and medium-size corporate customers in Russia and to destinations within Russia and to Ukraine. Co.'s regional network encompasses 10 branch offices. Co. is a private participant in the transportation of scrap and ferrous metals and it has market positions in the transportation of construction materials and ores.
Inter RAO UES PJSC is a functioning operator of electricity exports and imports in the territory of Russia. Co. represents the interests of two Russian power sector participants: RAO UES of Russia and Rosenergoatom concern, which possess 60 and 40% of the shares respectively. Co. is engaged in arranging transboundary electricity supplies, to provide both domestic and foreign consumers with electric power. Co. is also engaged in pursuing effective investment activities. Co. is developing several areas of activity, including: electric power export and import supplies; electricity sales in home and foreign markets; investment activities; and foreign asset management.
Lenta is a hypermarket group based in Russia. Co. operates 87 hypermarkets in 50 cities across Russia and 16 supermarkets in the Moscow region with a total of approximately 571,328 sq.m. of selling space. Co. also operates four distribution centers for hypermarkets and one for supermarkets. operates three hypermarket formats: Standard, typically with approximately 7,000 sq. m. of selling space (smaller than many Western European hypermarkets) and 24,000 stock keeping unit (SKUs); Compact, typically with approximately 5,000 sq. m. of selling space and 20,300 SKUs; and Supercompact, typically with approximately 3,000 sq. m. of selling space and 15,000 SKUs.
Group LSR PJSC is involved real estate development in Saint Petersburg, Munich, Yekaterinburg and Moscow, prefabricated panel construction in Saint Petersburg, Moscow and Yekaterinburg, commercial real estate development in Saint Petersburg and Moscow and Yekaterinburg, the production of building materials at plants located in Russia and Ukraine, the extraction and processing of aggregates in Leningrad region, and the provision of construction services. These products and services are sold mainly in Russia. As of Dec 31 2015, Co. had five reportable segments: LSR.Building Materials; LSR. Construction; LSR.Project management; LSR.Cranes; and LSR.Real Estate.
Magnit is a holding company. Through its subsidiaries, Co. operates in the retail and distribution of consumer goods under the Magnit name. Co.'s retail operations are operated through convenience stores, cosmetic stores, hypermarkets and other. Most of its stores are located in the Southern, Central and Volga regions. Co. also operates stores in the North-Western, North-Caucasian, Urals and Siberian regions. As of Dec. 31 2014, Co.'s stores chain consisted of 9,711 stores: 8,344 convenience stores, 190 hypermarkets, 97 Magnit Family stores and 1,080 drogerie stores in 2,108 cities and towns throughout the Russian Federation.
Magnitogorskiy Metallurgicheskiy Kombinat PAO, formerly Magnitogorskiy metallurgicheskiy kombinat OAO, is a Russia-based company, active in the steel industry. Its main products are sinter, coke, iron, crude steel, rolled products and ore materials. The Company offers a wide range of products such as wire rod, rebars, square bars, strips, round bars, among others. It is also involved in the coal ore mining, processing of ore materials, sale of ferrous metal products and others. Magnitogorskiy metallurgicheskiy kombinat OAO operates as a supplier for such industries as: pipelines, vehicles, railway, construction and shipbuilding, among others. Its subsidiaries include Lys'venskaya Metallurgicheskaya Kompaniya OOO, among others. The Company operates domestically, as well as exports its products to the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries, Asia, the Middle East and Europe.
Mail.Ru Group is an Internet company based in the Russian Federation. Co. operates the email service [email protected] and two IM networks in Russia - Mail.Ru Agent and ICQ. Co. operates two Russian-language online social networking sites: Moi [email protected] and Odnoklassniki.ru, and owns a strategic minority equity stake in the social network Vkontakte. Co. is also engaged in developing projects in E-commerce and operating more than 40 thematic vertical sites, targeting various user categories. Co. is also Russia's predominant online games company. Co. maintains a portfolio of online games which includes 34 MMO games and over 30 games for social networking sites.
MMC Norilsk Nickel PJSC is a global producer of nickel, palladium, platinum and copper. Co. also produces by-products, such as cobalt, chromium, rhodium, silver, gold, iridium, ruthenium, selenium, tellurium and sulfur. Co. is involved in prospecting, exploration, extraction, refining and metallurgical processing of minerals, as well as in production, marketing and sale of base and precious metals. Co.'s production facilities are located in five countries: Russia, Australia, Botswana, Finland, and South Africa. Co.'s production units are integrated and include: the Polar Division (the Taimyr Peninsula); and the Kola Mining and Metallurgical Company (Kola MMC or the Kola Peninsula).
Mobile Telesystems is a provider of mobile cellular communications services in the Russian Federation, Ukraine, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan to consumers and corporate customers, employing technology based primarily on Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). Co. had a mobile subscriber base of around 102.5 million (77.3 million in Russia, 20.4 million in Ukraine, 2.1 million in Turkmenistan, 1.6 million in Uzbekistan and 1.1 million in Armenia). In addition to standard voice services, Co. provides improved services, including voice mail, short message service, general packet radio service, and various SMS- and GPRS-based information and entertainment services.
Moskovskaya Birzha MMVB-RTS PAO. Moskovskaya Birzha MMVB-RTS PAO (MMVB-RTS OAO) is a Russia-based integrated stock exchange that provides electronic trade organization, clearing and settlements on trades, depository and information services. The Company provides trading and settlement services in such segments of the financial market as foreign exchange (FX) market, federal bonds market, market of derivative financial instruments, cash equities market, corporate and regional fixed income market, commodities market, as well as market for state and municipal orders. The Company was established as a result of the merger between MMVB ZAO and RTS OAO. It operates through six branches and three representative offices. As of February 27, 2013, the Company's major shareholder was the Central bank of the Russian Federation with a stake of 22.47%. In January 24, 2014, the Company sold its whole stake in MMVB-IT ZAO.
Mosenergo is a regional energy company primarily involved in generation of heat and electric power and heat distribution services in the Moscow city and Moscow region. Co.'s portfolio includes 15 power plants with the electric installed capacity of 11.9 thousand MW and heat installed capacity of 40.5 thousand MW (34.9 thousand Gcal/hour). Co. produces 6% of the electricity generated in the Russian Federation (exclusive of nuclear power plants) and is a main supplier of electricity and heat for the Moscow region. Co. supplies 67% of the total electricity consumption of Moscow region.
Novatek is an independent gas producer and natural gas producer in Russia. Co. is engaged in the exploration, production, and processing of natural gas and liquid hydrocarbons. Co.'s upstream activities are concentrated in the Yamal-Nenets region, which is a natural gas producing area and accounts for a significant part of Russia's natural gas production. Co.'s three core fields are located in the regions of Yurkharovskoye, East Tarkosalinskoye and Khancheyskoye. Co. maintains natural gas reserves of approximately 1,144 bcm. Co.'s total net proved reserves totals around 8,088 million barrels of oil equivalent (boe).
Novolipetsk Steel is a vertically integrated steel manufacturing and production group based in Russia. Co. specializes in the manufacturing of high-quality hot and cold rolled steel in a variety of grades and sizes. Co. is also engaged in production and sales of flat steel products including slabs, hot rolled and cold rolled sheet, electrical steel, galvanized steel, cold rolled sheet with polymeric coatings. In addition, Co.'s areas of manufacturing include sintering, coke production, blast furnace production, steel-making, hot and cold-rolled flat steel production, galvanized and prepainted steel production. Co. exports its products to 70 countries around the world.
OGK-2 JSC is primarily engaged in the generation and sale of electric and heat power. Co. consists of the following power stations (plants): Troitskaya GRES, Stavropolskaya GRES, Pskovskaya GRES, Serovskaya GRES, Surgutskaya GRES-1, Kirishkaya GRES, Ryazanskaya GRES, Novochercasskaya GRES, Krasnoyarskaya GRES-2, and Cherepovetskaya GRES.
PJSC Lukoil is a vertically-integrated oil company engaged in the exploration and production of crude oil and natural gas. Co. is engaged in all main sectors of the modern oil business including supplies, refining, marketing, transportation, petrochemicals and oil-related activities. Co.'s operations are divided into five business segments: Exploration and Production; Refining, Marketing and Distribution; Chemicals; Power Generation and Other Business Segments. Co. owns and operates refineries in Bulgaria (LUKOIL Neftochim Bourgas AD) and Romania (Petrotel-LUKOIL).
PJSC Polyus is an open joint stock company based in Russia. Co. is engaged in operations as a gold production company. Co.'s major assets are: in Krasnoyarsk region, Olympiada deposit as well as Blagodantoe, Titimukhta, Tyrada, Olenii, Razdolinskaya, Zyryanovskaya and Panimba fields; in Irkutsk region, Zapadnoe, Verninskoe, Pervenets, and Chertovo Koryto and Mukodek goldfields as well as some 94 placer deposits; in Magadan region, Natalka deposit and smaller Degdekan and Vostochnoye fields; in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Kuranakh ore body and Kyutchus field as well as 50% interest in the giant Nezhdaninskoye field; and in Amur region, Bamskoe gold field.CJSC Deloitte & Touche CIS
OJSC OC Rosneft is a vertically-integrated Russian oil and gas company with upstream and downstream operations in each of Russia's oil-producing regions. Headquartered in Moscow, Co. operates ten oil and gas producing enterprises across Russia and is involved in over ten exploration projects. In addition to its upstream operations, Co. also owns two refineries, which have a combined capacity of 10 million tons per year, as well as four main oil export terminals and a nationwide network of over 600 service stations. Co.'s downstream operations consist of its crude oil export structure, refining operations and nationwide network of marketing subsidiaries.
Rostelecom PJSC provides communication services (including local, intra-zone, long-distance domestic and international fixed-line telephone services, mobile services), data transmission, Internet, Pay TV, VPN and data centers services, rent of communication channels and radio communication services in the territory of Russian Federation. Co. operates the main intercity network and the international telecommunications gateways of the Russian Federation, carrying voice and data traffic that originates in its own network and other national and international operators' networks to other national and international operators for termination.
PAO Severstal is an integrated Iron & Steel works company with a range of products: hot and cold rolled steel, roll-formed shapes and pipes, rolled sections, a large group of coke products and by-products. Co. also has various social responsibilities such as the operation and maintenance of sports complexes, holiday and recreational facilities and public housing. Co.'s operations are organized along three principal divisions: Severstal Russian Steel engaged in crude steel production; Severstal Resources engaged in the production of iron ore concentrate, pellets and coking coal; and Severstal International engaged in the production of high-quality flat-rolled products.
Sistema is a telecommunications and technology investment group based in Russia. Co. invests in, and manages a range of companies which operate in the telecommunications, oil and energy, high technology, banking and other sectors. The main focus of Co.'s activities is service-based industries. Co.'s operations are organized along four segments: Telecommunications, Technology and Industry, Consumer Assets and Oil and Energy. Through its subsidiaries, Co.'s activities include: wireless telecommunications services , IT and systems integration, cable TV, manufacturing of radiotechnical equipment, oil, gas and energy production, banking activities, trading and investing and financing activities.
Tatneft PJSC and its subsidiaries are engaged in crude oil exploration, development and production principally in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. Co. is a holding structure, which incorporates oil and gas production boards, crude oil and gas refining companies, as well as enterprises and servicing works selling the crude oil and also the products of crude oil and gas refining and petrochemical products. In addition to this, Co. is also participating in the banking and insurance activities. Co.'s operations are divided into the following main segments: Exploration and Production; Refining and Marketing; and Petrochemicals.
TCS Group Holding is a retail banking services group based in the Russian Federation. Co. is principally engaged in providing retail banking services in the Russian Federation through its subsidiaries, primarily Tinkoff Credit Systems. Co., through this subsidiary, fully licensed by the Central Bank of Russia and a member of the Deposit Insurance System, specializes in credit cards. Co. provides online retail financial services through a branchless operating platform. Co. also offers remote access to its financial products and services through its online banking as well as through mobile banking and high-volume call centers.
Territorial Generating Company - 1 is a producer of electricity and heat energy in the North-West region of Russia. Co. incorporates generating enterprises from the Baltic Sea to the Barents Sea. Generated electricity is delivered to the domestic wholesale market of electricity and capacity as well as exported to Finland and Norway. Co. is a strategic supplier of heat energy in Saint Petersburg, Petrozavodsk, Murmansk, Kirovsk in the Leningrad Oblast, and Apatity in the Murmansk Oblast.
E.ON Russia is engaged in the wholesale electricity market, it produces and sells electric and heat power. As of Dec. 31, 2012, the structure of Co. includes five heat power plants with the total installed capacity of 10,345 MW/2,125.9 Gcal/h: Surgutskaya GRES-2 (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area, Tyumen Region), Berezovskaya GRES (Krasnoyarsk Territory), Shaturskaya GRES (Moscow Region), Smolenskaya GRES (Smolensk Region) and Yaivinskaya GRES (Perm Territory).
United Company Rusal is a producer of aluminium and alloys. Co.'s production chain include bauxite and nepheline ore mines, alumina refineries, aluminium smelters and casting houses, foil mills and packaging production centres. Co. operates in four reportable segments: Aluminium, which is involved in the production and sale of primary aluminium; Alumina, which involved in the mining and refining of bauxite into alumina and the sale of alumina; Energy, which include the mining and sale of coal and the generation and transmission of electricity; Mining and Metals, which includes the equity investment in Co.'s joint venture, PJSC MMC Norilsk Nickel.
Bank VTB PAO is a Russia-based bank engaged in the provision of financial services. The Bank reports five segments: Corporate-Investment banking includes operations with corporate customers that are large business customers and banking financial institutions, as well as operations on the securities market; Mid-Corporate banking covers operations with medium business corporate customers; Retail business includes operations with individuals and small business corporate customers, and offers operations on Internet and mobile Point-of-Sale acquiring, plastic cards, payroll services and financial consulting, among others; Treasury comprises operations to manage liquidity, operations on financial and interbank markets, cash flow management and debit financing operation; as well as Other business includes two business: Construction and development involves operations undertaken by Company in the construction and development industry, and Other activities represent non-banking business.
X5 Retail Group is a holding company. The main activity of Co. is the development and operation of grocery retail stores. Co. operates a retail chain of soft-discount, supermarket and hypermarket stores under the brand names "Pyaterochka", "Perekrestok" and "Karusel" in major population centres in Russia, including but not limited to Moscow, St. Petersburg, Nizhniy Novgorod, Rostov-on-Don, Kazan, Samara, Lipetsk, Chelyabinsk, Perm, Ekaterinburg and Kiev, Ukraine.
Yandex is an internet and technology company that operates an internet search engine in Russia. Co. builds intelligent products and services powered by machine learning. Co.'s products and services are based on complex, unique technologies that are not easily replicated. Co. generates substantially all of its revenues from online advertising. Co. also generates revenues from its e-commerce offerings, classifieds and e-hailing service. Co.'s businesses are organized in the following operating segments: Search and Portal; E-commerce; Taxi; Classifieds and Experimental businesses.
Sberbank CIB Investment Research is a research firm offering equity, fixed income, economics, and strategy research. It covers analysis on all aspects of Russia’s capital markets, issues and industries. The firm analyzes trends in Russia and combines local knowledge with a global perspective. It processes macroeconomic data, market and company-specific news, stock quotes and other information for providing research reports. The firm provides details and latest prices on the most traded names and most traded paper on all segments Russian market. In strategy research, it provides thematic research, tips and descriptions of the methodology used to evaluate companies.
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