Bottlenecks
Oddly enough , despite the fall in activity due to the COVID crisis, bottlenecks are now slowing the recovery. These bottlenecks concern: Commodities (oil, metals), due to insufficient investment and supply; Semiconductors; Skilled employment and manufacturing skills, due to the shortcomings of education systems; Maritime transport (driving up freight prices sharply); And of course healthcare systems (hospitals, vaccine production, etc.). The crisis has thus revealed a shortfall of investment in physical and human capital.