France is definitely a "low-end” country

The fact that France undoubtedly is a “ low-end ” country can be seen from: The low level of companies’ investment in new technologies or robots, despite the high l evel of overall corporate investment; The market share losses despite production costs that are lower than in Germany; The high price elasticity of exports in volume terms compared with other countries. If France definitely is a “ low-end ” country, since it takes a very long time to correct this feature (employees ’ and business leaders ’ skills must be restored , capital must be modernise d ), it can either : Accep t a continuation of deindustrialisation; Accept a downward correction of labour costs.