How can the excessive volatility in financial markets be explained?
The excessive volatility in financial markets that discourages investors is linked to: Macroeconomic causes: abundance of liquidity, multiple shocks (trade, political and geopolitical shocks, uncertainty about growth); Microeconomic causes: herd behaviour among investors (due to robots and ETFs), with risk limits and equity constraints (which have led to procyclical investor behaviours). So we see that the excessive volatility in financial markets probably will persist.