How to increase investment sharply in the euro zone?

The euro zone needs a much higher investment rate to : F inance the energy transition; D evelop new strategic industries; L ift capital accumulation. How to increase investment sharply in the euro zone? One obvious option is to retain in the euro zone the excess savings that it currently len ds to the rest of the world; One important question concerns the required return on equity: does its high level discourage corporate investment? Should a lower return on equity then be accepted? Should public and private investment be mixed? Another important question concerns the absorption of savings by the financing of governments and savers’ preference for risk-free investments. Is this a barrier to higher corporate investment? I f this is the case, reducing the required return on equity would further reduce risk-taking by savers and would further channel savings into financing governments at the expense of risky projects; This suggests that the nature of governments’ spending must be changed in favour of more investment and less current spending.