Per capita GDP in 2018 compared with 2007

In 2018, some large OECD countries still have a lower per capita real GDP than in 2007, or barely higher than in 2007 (this is the case for Italy and Spain). We seek to determine what may have caused this decline or stagnation in per capita income in Italy and Spain since the period preceding the crisis: The end of capital mobility and the need to correct the external deficit? Yes; Stagn ant productivity? Yes in Italy; Weak investment? Yes in Italy; A deterioration in competitiveness and foreign trade? Yes in Italy .