The key question for contemporary macroeconomics: Should the temptation for a more active fiscal policy be resisted?

Many countries (United States, France, Italy, Japan, China) are now more actively using an expansionary fiscal policy. The temptation to use fiscal policy more actively stems from several factors: The fact that monetary policy cannot be used more; The fact that real interest rates are very low; The fact that there are many needs requiring a higher fiscal deficit: public spending on the energy transition and education; support for household purchasing power; tax cuts where they are abnormally high, etc. Should this temptation be resisted? The most serious danger is obviously a rise in real interest rates in the future, for example if inflation were to rise; The easiest way to protect against this danger is to increase public spending only where it offers a higher real return than the highest possible real long-term interest rate in the future.